The Turkish language · Endings
PAST
The ending glossed PAST takes these forms in the book's examples:
In the examples
Evlerimizden geldik.
We came from our houses. · 1.5 How the examples are shown
Hoş geldiniz!
Welcome! · 4.1 Hello, goodbye, thank you
Hoş bulduk.
Glad to be here. · 4.1 Hello, goodbye, thank you
Bir köpeğim vardı.
I had a dog. · 10.7 Had and hadn't: vardı, yoktu
Dün zamanım yoktu.
I didn't have time yesterday. · 10.7 Had and hadn't: vardı, yoktu
Evde ekmek yoktu.
There was no bread at home. · 10.7 Had and hadn't: vardı, yoktu
Evde süt var mıydı?
Was there any milk at home? · 10.7 Had and hadn't: vardı, yoktu
O zaman araban var mıydı?
Did you have a car then? · 10.7 Had and hadn't: vardı, yoktu
Dün İzmir'e gittim.
I went to Izmir yesterday. · 13.1 -di: what you saw happen
Ayşe bir kahve içti.
Ayşe had a coffee. · 13.1 -di: what you saw happen
Kitabı okudum.
I read the book. · 13.1 -di: what you saw happen
Mehmet'i gördük.
We saw Mehmet. · 13.1 -di: what you saw happen
Geçen hafta Ankara'ya gittiler.
They went to Ankara last week. · 13.1 -di: what you saw happen
Acıktım.
I'm hungry. · 13.2 Hungry, tired, finished: the past for now
Yoruldum.
I'm tired. · 13.2 Hungry, tired, finished: the past for now
Anladım.
I see. · 13.2 Hungry, tired, finished: the past for now
Film bitti.
The film's over. · 13.2 Hungry, tired, finished: the past for now
Anahtarımı kaybettim.
I've lost my key. · 13.2 Hungry, tired, finished: the past for now
Ali geldi.
Ali's here. · 13.2 Hungry, tired, finished: the past for now
Hoş geldiniz!
Welcome! · 13.2 Hungry, tired, finished: the past for now
Mehmet işe gitti.
Mehmet's gone to work. · 13.4 Seen or heard
Ben dün sinemaya gittim. Zeynep Ankara'ya gitmiş.
I went to the cinema yesterday. Zeynep went to Ankara, she says. · 13.4 Seen or heard
Dün evdeydim.
I was at home yesterday. · 13.5 Was and were: evdeydi
Hava çok güzeldi.
The weather was lovely. · 13.5 Was and were: evdeydi
Annem öğretmendi.
My mother was a teacher. · 13.5 Was and were: evdeydi
Hava soğuk değildi.
It wasn't cold. · 13.5 Was and were: evdeydi
Evde kimse yoktu.
There was no one at home. · 13.5 Was and were: evdeydi
Ne yapıyordun?
What were you doing? · 13.6 Was doing: geliyordu
Kitap okuyordum.
I was reading. · 13.6 Was doing: geliyordu
Dün akşam yağmur yağıyordu.
It was raining yesterday evening. · 13.6 Was doing: geliyordu
Eskiden İzmir'de oturuyorduk.
We used to live in Izmir. · 13.6 Was doing: geliyordu
Ali henüz gelmedi.
Ali hasn't come yet. · 13.7 Saying no and asking in the past
Bu filmi görmedim.
I haven't seen this film. · 13.7 Saying no and asking in the past
Kahvaltı yaptın mı?
Have you had breakfast? · 13.7 Saying no and asking in the past
Filmi beğendiniz mi?
Did you like the film? · 13.7 Saying no and asking in the past
Ne oldu?
What happened? · 13.7 Saying no and asking in the past
Dün evde miydin?
Were you at home yesterday? · 13.7 Saying no and asking in the past
Yorgun muydun?
Were you tired? · 13.7 Saying no and asking in the past
Eskiden her yaz İzmir'e giderdik.
We used to go to Izmir every summer. · 14.6 Used to: giderdik
Dedem her sabah gazete okurdu.
My grandfather used to read the paper every morning. · 14.6 Used to: giderdik
Eskiden kahve içmezdim.
I didn't use to drink coffee. · 14.6 Used to: giderdik
Dün sinemaya gidecektik.
We were going to go to the cinema yesterday. · 14.6 Used to: giderdik
Dün gece uyuyamadım.
I couldn't sleep last night. · 15.4 -eme: can't
Üç tane simit aldım.
I bought three simits. · 16.2 Counting things: iki çay
1998'de doğdum.
I was born in 1998. · 16.3 Numbers with endings
Ali dörde çeyrek kala geldi.
Ali came at a quarter to four. · 16.4 The time: Saat kaç?
Ayşe'yle sinemaya gittim.
I went to the cinema with Ayşe. · 17.2 ile and -le: with
İzmir'e otobüsle gittik.
We went to Izmir by bus. · 17.2 ile and -le: with
Onunla dün konuştum.
I spoke to her yesterday. · 17.2 ile and -le: with
Ali için bir kitap aldım.
I bought a book for Ali. · 17.4 için: for
Türkçe öğrenmek için İstanbul'a geldim.
I came to Istanbul to learn Turkish. · 17.4 için: for
Bebek gibi uyudum.
I slept like a baby. · 17.5 gibi and kadar: like, as much as
Akşama kadar çalıştım.
I worked until the evening. · 17.7 göre and kadar: words that want -e
Ankara'ya kadar otobüsle gittik.
We went as far as Ankara by bus. · 17.7 göre and kadar: words that want -e
Eve doğru yürüdük.
We walked towards home. · 17.7 göre and kadar: words that want -e
Yemekten sonra çay içtik.
We had tea after the meal. · 17.8 önce and sonra: words that want -den
Ali iki saat önce geldi.
Ali came two hours ago. · 17.8 önce and sonra: words that want -den
Kitabı masanın üstüne koydum.
I put the book on the table. · 17.9 On, under, in front of
Yatağın altından bir kedi çıktı.
A cat came out from under the bed. · 17.9 On, under, in front of
Ekmek ve peynir aldım.
I bought bread and cheese. · 18.1 And, but, because, or
Dün gelemedim, çünkü hastaydım.
I couldn't come yesterday, because I was ill. · 18.1 And, but, because, or
Hastaydım, o yüzden gelemedim.
I was ill, so I couldn't come. · 18.1 And, but, because, or
Ali ne geldi ne aradı.
Ali neither came nor called. · 18.2 Both, either, neither
Eve gidip yemek yaptım.
I went home and cooked. · 18.3 -ip: and then
Ayşe kitabı alıp çıktı.
Ayşe took the book and left. · 18.3 -ip: and then
Zeynep gülerek "Tamam" dedi.
Zeynep said "OK", laughing. · 18.4 -erek: by doing
Türkçeyi dizi izleyerek öğrendim.
I learned Turkish by watching TV series. · 18.4 -erek: by doing
Kahve içip konuştuk.
We had a coffee and then talked. · 18.4 -erek: by doing
Kahve içerek konuştuk.
We talked over coffee. · 18.4 -erek: by doing
Eve gelirken ekmek aldım.
I bought bread on my way home. · 18.5 -ken: while
Ben yemek yaparken Ali masayı hazırladı.
While I was cooking, Ali set the table. · 18.5 -ken: while
Ben çocukken burada bir park vardı.
When I was a child, there was a park here. · 18.5 -ken: while
İstanbul'dayken Ayşe'yi gördüm.
I saw Ayşe while I was in Istanbul. · 18.5 -ken: while
Sen yokken Ali geldi.
Ali came while you were out. · 18.5 -ken: while
Yemek yedikten sonra yürüyüşe çıktık.
After eating, we went out for a walk. · 18.6 -dikten sonra and -meden önce: after and before
Ali gittikten sonra uyudum.
After Ali left, I went to sleep. · 18.6 -dikten sonra and -meden önce: after and before
Ders başlamadan önce kahve içtik.
We had a coffee before the lesson began. · 18.6 -dikten sonra and -meden önce: after and before
Ekmek almak için markete gittim.
I went to the shop to buy bread. · 18.7 -mek için: in order to
Türkçe öğrenmek için İzmir'e geldim.
I came to Izmir to learn Turkish. · 18.7 -mek için: in order to
Ekmek almaya gittim.
I went to buy bread. · 18.7 -mek için: in order to
Sabah erken kalkıp kahvaltı yaptım.
I got up early in the morning and had breakfast. · 18.9 A morning, joined up
Kahvaltı yaparken radyo dinledim.
I listened to the radio while I had breakfast. · 18.9 A morning, joined up
Evden çıkmadan önce Ayşe'yi aradım.
Before I left the house, I called Ayşe. · 18.9 A morning, joined up
İşe yürüyerek gittim, çünkü hava çok güzeldi.
I walked to work, because the weather was lovely. · 18.9 A morning, joined up
İşten çıktıktan sonra Ayşe'yle buluşup bir kahve içtik.
After work, I met Ayşe and we had a coffee. · 18.9 A morning, joined up
Dün gördüğümüz film çok güzeldi.
The film we saw yesterday was very good. · 19.4 -dik: what someone did or does
Geldiğin gün çok yağmur yağdı.
It rained a lot the day you came. · 19.5 The place where, the day when
Tatilde okuyacağım kitapları seçtim.
I've chosen the books I'm going to read on holiday. · 19.6 -ecek: what someone will do
Ne dediğini anlamadım.
I didn't understand what you said. · 19.7 That, because, when
Hasta olduğum için gelemedim.
I couldn't come, because I was ill. · 19.7 That, because, when
Daha erken gelmeliydin.
You should have come earlier. · 20.4 -meli: must and should
Zamanım olsa gelirdim.
If I had time, I'd come. · 20.7 Wishes, and if things were different
Ben olsam gitmezdim.
If I were you, I wouldn't go. · 20.7 Wishes, and if things were different
Ali gelince yemeğe başladık.
When Ali came, we started eating. · 20.8 -ince: when, as soon as
Bu haberi duyunca çok sevindim.
I was very glad when I heard this news. · 20.8 -ince: when, as soon as
Yağmur başlayınca içeri girdik.
When the rain started, we went inside. · 20.8 -ince: when, as soon as
Ne oldu?
What happened? · 21.4 Watching and listening
Anlamadım.
I didn't understand. · 21.5 Talking to people
Sen aradığında kitap okuyordum.
I was reading when you called. · 21.7 The grammar beyond this book
Keşke sen de gelseydin.
I wish you had come too. · 21.7 The grammar beyond this book